College & Student

The Civil Services Exam is conducted by Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) across India. Preparation for the most coveted service requires a focused mind, dedication, and hard work.

Eligibility
You should be a graduate in any discipline from a recognized university.

Examination

The Civil Services Examination consists of two successive stages:

• Preliminary Examination – It consists of two papers (General Studies and one of the optional subjects to be selected from the prescribed optional subjects list) of objective type carrying a maximum of 450 marks.

• Main Exam (Written subjective & Interview) – It consists of the following exams carrying a maximum of 2300 marks.

1. Paper I: One of the Indian Languages
2. Paper II: English
3. Paper III: Essay
4. Paper IV and V: General Studies
5. Paper VI-IX: Any two subjects (each having 2 papers) to be selected from the prescribed optional subjects
6. Interview

The marks obtained in the Main Examination (Written and Interview) determine the final ranking. The candidates are then allotted to various services on the basis of their ranks and the preferences expressed by them.

The Question Papers are set in English and Hindi. You must begin preparations of the main exam along with preliminary exam. You can even enroll in institutes like Rau’s IAS Circle, Vajiram and Ravi. This is because there is little time for the Main exam if you wait for the results of the Preliminaries.

To begin with you should consult NCERT books and go through previous year papers. A candidate is permitted 4 attempts at the examination. If you appear in the Preliminary Exam or even appears in one paper, it is counted as an attempt.

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Innovations in information and technology can make education and learning accessible and interesting. This fact is supported by the recent step taken by 200 government schools in Delhi who used animated character Pokemon to teach lessons to primary class children. In Andhra Pradesh’s East Godavari district, children from 170 deprived families call a boat their school. This is a brilliant example of teaching children close to their parents and the environment they can relate to.

Another major step, “India’s Curriculum of Tomorrow” promoted by Jiva Education publisher based in Faridabad is an enterprising step in constructive learning. The new curriculum is designed to bring about a fundamental change in traditional and obsolete syllabi.

Internet services provided by n-Logue in Indian villages is another commendable step in imparting learning. With the help of n-Logue local service providers recruits local entrepreneurs to open kiosks in small cities and rural areas.

These innovative measures have to deal with social and cultural challenges as well as slow creative development in India. Teaching, schooling, and learning are generally rigid and change resistant systems. There is also a lack of infrastructure and finance. Let’s imagine a condition where all students go to school, the school building will explode.

In spite of all the odds, Internet technology and e-learning can help to bring innovation in learning by making learning more user friendly. A teacher residing in any part of the world can teach hundreds of students through virtual classrooms. Students have high quality study material that they can refer to any number of times at their own pace. Teachers are also left with more time to interact with students.

Is mathematics and science your favorite subjects? Are you wondering whether to opt for engineering or medicine as your career options? Discuss with career counselors or teachers in your school who can guide you or simply map your liking and aptitude to make a decision. I’ll provide brief information on the two fields. Let’s begin with engineering.

Engineering is the application of mathematics and science to commerce or industry. A study by Duke University in North Carolina suggests that U.S. colleges produce roughly 750 engineers per million citizens, compared with 500 in China and 200 in India. To remain competitive in the global market there is a wide scope for engineers.

Who should opt for engineering?
Engineering courses are suitable for students with interest and excellent background in mathematics, physics, and chemistry.

What are the various streams in engineering?
You can opt for any of these streams of engineering:

• Aeronautical and aerospace Agriculture
• Automobile
• Computer
• Civil
• Chemical
• Electrical
• Industrial
• Manufacturing
• Marine
• Mechanical
• Metallurgical
• Mining
• Textile

How to take admission to engineering?
The engineering entrance exam is conducted on all India or State level. You can apply at either undergraduate (BE/BTech) or postgraduate level (ME/MTech). You can refer to previous IIT papers to check your aptitude. You can opt for engineering entrance examinations including AIEEE, IIT-JEE and GATE.

It is important that you should be regular in your studies. Solve as many test papers as you can before the exam. Time management is the most important factor. No one can solve the entire paper in the prescribed time. So practice, practice, and practice. Some books that are recommended for engineering are ResnickHallidayWalker, NCERT, Mathematics by RD Sharma and ML Khanna.

Do you want to be a doctor and serve sick and needy people? What you require are good grades all through school. You should start preparing for medical entrance exams by class IXth. There are postal as well as dedicated coaching offered by premier institutes including Brilliants, Akash Institute and Sachdeva.

There are many kinds of doctors. You should also decide whether you want to be a family and general practitioner or you want to be a specialist. General practitioners treat common problems while experts treat specific problems. For example, Pediatricians are experts who care for children and babies. Heart surgeons operate and heal heart diseases.

Who should opt for medicine?
Medicine is a suitable filed for students with interest and excellent background in biology, physics, and chemistry.

How to take admission in medical colleges?
Entrance examinations to Medical colleges are conducted on an All India basis as well as state wise basis. Apart from this, some national level institutions also conduct their own entrance tests.

The Central Board of Secondary Examination, Delhi conducts an All India Pre-Medical/Pre-Dental Entrance Exam to select the candidates at an all India level (except in the states of Jammu & Kashmir and Andhra Pradesh ) for admission to roughly 15% of the total seats in the colleges of each state. Andhra Pradesh and Jammu & Kashmir do not admit students from other states.

Case 1: My parents want me to be a doctor or an engineer. But I can never relate to Science or Mathematics. I am not sure what other options I have?

Case 2: I have a bent for art and creativity. I want to pursue a career that can relate to my interests.

Does your thoughts match the cases cited above? There are many new options available after 12th other than traditional options like Engineering and Medical. You can enter into a variety of field such as:

• Law
• Journalism
• Public relations
• Nursing
• Advertising
• Fashion
• Management
• Modeling
• Travel and tourism
• Hotel management
• Call centers
• CS/CA/ICWA
• Academics/Research
• Civil services
• Defense/Paramilitary forces

I’ll discuss each of these options in detail in my future posts. You can match your interests and expectations. Once you enter the field of your choice, trust me sky is the limit. If you are not careful in making the right choice you may spend your life cribbing or complaining about your professional life. So make and early start and plan your career.

Traditionally, law is a noble profession. Many students aspire to practice law and provide justice to the society. With globalization, law is not just restricted to practicing in a court. New areas of interests like copyrights, trademarks, intellectual property, cyber law is fast gaining impetus. Now, the real question is how to go about it.

Eligibility
You can pursue law after graduation (3 years) or after 12th (5 years) leading to BA LLB (Hons).

Colleges
Some of the best law colleges in India are:

• National Law School of India University, Bangalore
• Symbiosis Law College, Pune
• Government Law College, Mumbai

Specializations

You can specialize in:

• Civil Law: Concerns private rights of individuals, handling damage suits, breach of contract suits, wills, mortgages
• Tax Law: Deals with income tax, real tax, franchises, problems of inheritance
• Criminal Law: Deals with interviewing clients, conducting trials, preparing a case for defence, examining, cross examining in court
• Corporation Law: Deals with advising corporations on their legal rights, obligations, privileges, studying statutes, constitutions and ordinances
• International Law: Specializes on international treaties, customs and traditions
• Labor Law: Deals with workers, their associations, working conditions, workers’ rights and duties
• Real Estate Law: Covers conveyance of property, search records and deeds to establish titles of property, acting as trustee for property
• Patent Law: Focuses on securing patents for inventors from the patent’s office

Private practice immediately after graduation is difficult, unless you have a family firm. There are law firms that employ fresh graduates as apprentices or assistants. After two years of articleship, the apprentice appears for an examination of articled clerk conducted by the Law Society. It generally takes several years under an advocate or solicitor before you are ready for your own practice.

There are also plenty of opportunities in private industry. There is also the possibility of becoming legal consultants (part time or full time) for companies. Opportunities are aplenty in government service. You have to qualify the Law Service Commission or State Public Service Commission.

Do you have an enquiring mind and flair to communicate your thoughts with clarity, simplicity and objectivity? Are you able to organize and express yourself both orally and in writing? Journalism is the career for people who can assimilate information and communicate using a variety of media resources.

How to prepare for journalism?

Journalism basically comes from within but there is also an academic side to it. You should have a bachelor’s degree or post-graduate degree in journalism or languages. Additional field work, training, experience or internship will add to your qualification.

While doing the course you must consider the track record of the journalism institution in terms of placement and infrastructure. Institutes like Indian Institute of Mass Communication, Jamia Milia Islamia, Symbiosis are some well known institutes.

What are the various fields in Journalism?

You can opt for the following medium:

• Print - newspaper, magazines
• Electronic - radio, television
• Cyber – Internet

You can become a writer, proofreader, reporter, editor, translator, or a manager. You can also venture into corporate communication and become a copywriter or a public relation professional. You can also enter into growing fields like content writing, technical writing and instructional designing.

You can opt for journalism colleges in India.

Do you like working in exotic locations? Do you enjoy cooking and housekeeping activities? If so, Hotel Management career could be right for you. Career opportunities in the hotel industry which includes motels, resorts, and five star hotels are increasing rapidly. You will be involved with operations like accommodation, food, drink and other hotel services with the thrust on customer comfort and satisfaction.

Eligibility
Hotel management demands a friendly, helpful, outgoing personality, and a team player. The eligibility to enter a course in hotel management is 10+2. Institutes coming under the National Council for Hotel Management and Catering Technology (NCHMCT) which is under the Ministry of Tourism offer a 3-year diploma course while private institutes offer a 4-year Bachelor’s program.

Selection Procedure
The selection procedure in most of these institutes comprises of a test consisting of English, Reasoning, General Science and General Knowledge, followed by a group discussion and interview.

Institutes and Training
The best institutes are the IHMs affiliated to the National Council for Hotel Management and Catering Technology. The hotel management courses run by hotel chains like Oberoi, Taj, and Radisson are also very popular among aspirants.

Star hotels require trained staff for all these departments:

• Front Office
• Food and beverage (F&B)
• Housekeeping
• Sales and Marketing
• Recreation
• Computer Applications
• Financial management
• Engineering
• Security
• Fire fighting
• Public relations